# RKS: GHRELIN = OBESITY - The Nutraceutical Cocktail To Reduce Ghrelin
# RKS: GHRELIN = OBESITY
THE NUTRACEUTICAL COCKTAIL TO REDUCE GHRELIN
REVISITING GHRELIN
REDUCING GHRELIN = REDUCING CALORIE INTAKE = REDUCING WEIGHT
Dear Reader,
The name “ghrelin” is derived from “ghre” which means grow and “relin” which means release. Ghrelin is a hormone produced by ghrelinergic cells located in stomach. These cells have a direct communication channel open with brain. Hence, even when one does not intend to consume food, ghrelin can message the brain to increase appetite and thereby facilitate eating and drinking.
The weight of an individual is decided by the balance between ghrelin and leptin hormones. Leptin, made by the fat cells in the buttocks, belly paunch and other ‘ballooned’ portions in those overweight and obese, decreases appetite. Ghrelin, on the other hand, makes one to eat food because of its appetite-stimulating action.
If one needs to keep the weight in check, especially those overweight desiring reducing their kilos, ghrelin needs to be suppressed. There are many interesting natural ingredients available which have demonstrated effect in ghrelin reduction. This particular blog, dedicated to readers who, after reading an earlier October 2023 blog, had enquired which are the ways to reduce ghrelin, has been aimed to suggest a suitable cocktail as a complement to other measures for those in pursuit of losing weight.
GHRELIN SUPPRESSANTS
ARABINOXYLAN
Arabinoxylan is an insoluble fibre present in cereals. Whole-grain rye is the main source of arabinoxylan and the latter constitutes ~10% of dry weight of this cereal.
15 gm/day of arabinoxylan can reduce ghrelin concentrations.
CAMELLIA SINENSIS
The leaves of Camellia sinensis are used to produce black and green teas. This plant grows in Assam in India.
Lipton tea, a product of Camellia sinensis, when taken in amounts ranging from 200-800 mg/kg (i.e. 4-12 tsf of tea leaves per day) can induce appetite suppression via decreased ghrelin concentration.
L-CYSTEINE
High-protein diets promote weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance, but are difficult to adhere to. Proteins are made up of amino acids and cysteine, one of 23 know amino acids, has been demonstrated in driving protein-induced satiety by supressing ghrelin.
High-protein diets promote weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance, but are difficult to adhere to. Proteins are made up of amino acids and cysteine, one of 23 know amino acids, has been demonstrated in driving protein-induced satiety by supressing ghrelin.
DOLICHOS BIFLORUS
Dolichos biflorus is a common twining plant growing all over India, especially in Bombay and Chennai. It is referred in Hindi as Koolthee and Kulti, or in Marathi as Hulga and Kulthi, or in Tamil as Kollu.
Dolichos biflorus reduces food intake by lessening ghrelin and also blocks the fat cells from proliferating besides decreasing absorption of fats and breaking lipids in body.
HOODIA GORDONII
Hoodia gordonii is a cactus-type plant from the Kalahari Desert in Africa.
On account of its excellent suppressant effect on ghrelin levels, Hoodia gordonii is one of the most popular herbal supplement to reduce appetite and check weight gain.
PHASEOLUS VULGARIS
Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean (kidney bean or Rajma), is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe pods and whose leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable.
Phaseolus vulgaris suppresses ghrelin secretion and induce a lower desire to eat. The kidney beans consumption can also reduce postprandial (2-hour after food) glucose, insulin and C-peptide excursions.
Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean (kidney bean or Rajma), is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe pods and whose leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable.
Phaseolus vulgaris suppresses ghrelin secretion and induce a lower desire to eat. The kidney beans consumption can also reduce postprandial (2-hour after food) glucose, insulin and C-peptide excursions.
PIPER BETLE
Piper betle is a species of flowering plant that is native to Southeast Asia (Patna in India most growth). Betel plants are cultivated for their leaves which are most commonly used as flavoring in chewing areca nut. The famous ‘Magai’ paan which is consumed as a ‘jodi’ (two together) from the neighbouring ‘paanwala’ is indeed Piper betle.
In addition to reduction in ghrelin levels, Piper betle inhibits formation of fat cells (adipocytes) and leads to breakdown of fats present in mature adipocytes.
APPETITE SUPPRESSANTS – Other Mechanisms
CITRUS AURANTIUM
Citrus aurantium is bitter orange, sour orange or marmalade orange and is native to Southeast Asia.
Citrus aurantium blocks accumulation of fat in adipocytes (anti-adipogenic) and also increases burning of fat tissues by enhancing metabolism (pro-thermogenic) actions.
GARCINIA CAMBOGIA
Garcinia cambogia or Garcinia gummi-gutta is native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. Common names of Garcinia cambogia include brindle berry and Malabar tamarind. The fruit looks like a small pumpkin and is green to pale yellow in color.
Garcinia cambogia contains hydroxycitric acid (HCA) which inhibits 2 prominent enzymes (extramitochondrial citrate lyase as well as ATP-citrate lyase), which are the involved in cellular fatty acid synthesis. Thus, fats in the body are reduced by Garcinia cambogia. Recently, HCA has also been demonstrated to supress appetite via modulating the levels of serotonin related to satiety.
CONCLUSIONS
An interesting daily anti-ghrelin cocktail would be:
Arabinoxylan…15 gms
Phaseolus vulgaris extract…2.4-3.0 gms
Dolichos biflorus extract…2.4 gms
Piper betle extract...1.6 gms
Garcinia cambogia…1.5 gms
L-cysteine…0.6 gm
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract…0.3 gm
Hoodia gordonii…0.25 gm
Citrus aurantium…0.1 gm
In addition to the above, what is important for ensuring ghrelin modulation and a control over its surge are:
Do not succumb to crash diets.
Provide for enough proteins in diet.
Indulge in HIIT* exercise rather than running / walking 30-60 minutes per day.
Getting good sleeping of 7-9 hours is essential.
Avoid “highly palatable” processed foods.
Finally, a well-balanced diet that contains complex wholegrain carbohydrates (oats, rye) and high quality protein (meat, dairy, chicken, fish, nuts, seeds, beans and legumes) may help to keep ghrelin (appetite-increasing hormone) balanced.
Obesity - all hopes are never lost.
Only drugs cannot be the bottom line.
&
Supplements could be a viable acceptable & an explorable option.
DR R K SANGHAVI
Prophesied Enabler
Experience & Expertise: Clinician & Healthcare Industry Adviser
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